威格士柱塞泵是往復(fù)泵的一種,屬于體積泵,其柱塞靠泵軸的偏心轉(zhuǎn)動驅(qū)動,往復(fù)運動,其吸入和排出閥都是單向閥。當(dāng)柱塞外拉時,工作室內(nèi)壓力降低,出口閥關(guān)閉,低于進口壓力時,進口閥打開,液體進入;柱塞內(nèi)推時,工作室壓力升高,進口閥關(guān)閉,高于出口壓力時,出口閥打開,液體排出。帶滑靴結(jié)構(gòu)的軸向柱塞泵是使用廣泛的軸向柱塞泵,安放在缸體中的柱塞通過滑靴與斜盤相接觸,當(dāng)傳動軸帶動缸體旋轉(zhuǎn)時,斜盤將柱塞從缸體中拉出或推回,完成吸排油過程。柱塞與缸孔組成的工作容腔中的油液通過配油盤分別與泵的吸、排油腔相通。變量機構(gòu)用來改變斜盤的傾角,通過調(diào)節(jié)斜盤的傾角可改變泵的排量。
柱塞泵漏油主要有以下原因:
(1)主軸油封損壞或軸有缺陷、劃痕;
(2)內(nèi)部泄漏過大,造成油封處壓力增大,而將油封損傷或沖出;
(3)泄油管過細過長,使密封處漏油;
(4)泵的外接油管松動,管接頭損傷,密封墊老化或產(chǎn)生裂紋;
(5)變量調(diào)節(jié)機構(gòu)螺栓松動,密封破損;
(6)鑄鐵泵殼有砂眼或焊接不良
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